Centered · Cultural · Spiritual

Yoga is older than your
studio's Spotify playlist.

A research-based guide to the history, philosophy, and styles of yoga written by someone in the middle of a 200hr teacher training who is increasingly alarmed by how much gets lost in translation.
8 styles covered
History & philosophy
Sanskrit & concepts

What this page is
and why I built it.

Yoga in the West is a legit problem. Walk into most studios and you'll encounter a $30-$60 class, a curated playlist, and a teacher who may or may not know that the postures they're teaching are less than 100 years old in their current form and lack the spiritual practice that makes them effective.
That's not an attack on modern yoga (it is a little bit though). It's jsut that how a 5,000-year-old spiritual tradition traveled from ancient India through British colonialism, through a handful of influential teachers, and eventually into every gym in suburban America is an important discussion point. This journey changed yoga inormously. Essentially, it West white-washed it. What's new?
I'm in the middle of a 200hr teacher training. The more I learn, the more I want to understand what yoga actually is,  not just what it's become. This page is that research and built practice written out.
I believe yoga is a practice for every one, but to truly practice we have to respect and embrace the culture behind it.
A note on approach

I'm a researcher and a student. I'm not a Sanskrit scholar or a lineage teacher. Everything here is cited, everything is written with genuine respect for the tradition, and everything is also filtered through my brain, which is constitutionally incapable of not asking difficult questions.

Yoga styles

Eight styles.
Different practices.

Each style has its own mini essay that talks origins, philosophy, physical characteristics, and who it's for. Click any card to read the full entry.
History & origins

5,000 years
significantly compressed.

The actual history of yoga, from the Vedic texts through the Yoga Sutras through British colonialism through the global export of modern postural practice. It's a better story than the studios tell. (I'm actively working on these essays.)
Concepts & philosophy

Vocabulary
to understand.

Sanskrit terms and philosophical concepts that appear throughout yoga practice defined properly with context.

Pranayama

Breath regulation

The fourth of Patanjali's eight limbs. "Prana" = life force. "Ayama" = extension. The practice of controlling breath to influence the flow of vital energy and through it, the nervous system.

Most directly connected to vagal tone research. The physiological sigh, box breathing, and alternate nostril breathing all have clinical evidence behind them. The ancient framework and modern neuroscience agree more than you'd expect. Ancient practices work!

Ahimsa

Non-harming

The first of the yamas. It's the ethical guidelines that form the foundation of yogic practice before any posture is attempted. Non-violence toward others, toward living things, and toward yourself.

The concept most Western yoga ignores entirely by skipping the yamas and going straight to postures and cute outfits. It's also the concept that makes the guru abuse stories so devastating.

Samskara

Conditioned patterns

Mental and emotional grooves carved by repeated experience. The yogic concept maps surprisingly well onto modern neuroscience's understanding of neural pathways and habitual response patterns.

Relevant to trauma work, nervous system regulation, and somatic therapy. The Body Keeps the Score describes essentially the same phenomenon in clinical language, although anything from that book should be taken with a grain of salt.

Dharana · Dhyana · Samadhi

Concentration · Meditation · Union

The final three of the eight limbs, i.e. the internal practices. Concentration leads to meditation leads to samadhi, a state of complete absorption. This is goal the whole system is actually building toward.

What gets skipped most often in Western practice. The postures are the preparation, but the internal change is the destination.

Saying what I
really think.

Yoga is a profound and ancient tradition. It's also an industry worth $88 billion globally, dominated by white Western practitioners, frequently stripped of its spiritual context, and with a documented pattern of charismatic teachers who abused students for decades while institutions looked the other way. The West has turned it into a wellness cult of sorts (see Cultish: The Language of Fanaticism by Amanda Montell Part 5, Chapter 26).
True yoga practice is worth the time it takes to learn.
I am aware that I am a white practitioner in the middle of a teacher training in the U.S. I have benefited from yoga's Westernization in that it was made accessible and affordable to me. I am also uncomfortable with how much of the tradition got lost in that process. I am trying to hold both of those thngs simultaneously and build a practice that is authentic and healing for me. I don't want to do the bare minimum, I want to fuly understand the art of yoga and how lucky I am to have access to such a practice.
On cultural appropriation

Practicing respectfully means knowing where the practice comes from, crediting it accurately, learning the philosophy not just the postures, and supporting Indian teachers and Indian-owned studios when possible.

On the abuse pattern

The new age "guru" model concentrates power in structurally dangerous ways. Honest engagement with yoga has to address this issue.

On the wellness industry

$180 leggings and a $40 class are not what the tradition was built for. I'm not saying you're a bad person if this is what your practice looks like right now, but you owe it to yourself and the cultural roots to dig deeper and practice respectfully and authentically.

On being a student

I'm learning. Everything on this page is written with  humility. If something is wrong, I want to know and am open to critique.